Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage: diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic aspects at the national teaching hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga in Cotonou from 2016 to 2020

CNM Sokpon; AR Kpossou; RK Vignon; AMSS Badarou; J Séhonou

Authors

CNM Sokpon Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire-Hubert Koutoukou Maga
AR Kpossou Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire-Hubert Koutoukou Maga
RK Vignon Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire-Hubert Koutoukou Maga
AMSS Badarou Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire-Hubert Koutoukou Maga
J Séhonou Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire-Hubert Koutoukou Maga

Keywords:

upper gastrointestinal bleeding, aetiologies, mortality, associated factors

Abstract

Introduction: Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (UGH) is a frequent gastroenterology emergency. Our study aims to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic profile of UGH at a central hospital in Cotonou, Benin.

Material and methods: This study is both retrospective and prospective, with data collected from January 2016 to November 2020.

Results: The hospital frequency of UGH was estimated at 0.86%. The mean age was 52 ± 17 years, with a 2.9 male-to-female ratio. The most frequent aetiology was gastric and duodenal ulcers (GDU) in 35%. In a univariate analysis, the factors associated with bleeding recurrence were cirrhosis (p = 0.03), an abundance of bleeding (p < 0.001), and a Rockall score > 2 (p < 0.001). In a univariate analysis, age, recurrence, and a Rockall score < 2 were associated with mortality.

Conclusion: UGH is uncommon in Cotonou. In our study, an age above 50, the notion of rebleeding, and a Rockall score < 2 were risk factors associated with death.